Identity and Ethnicity in Iran
This page introduces Kameel Ahmady’s research on identity and ethnicity, including From Border to Border and related publications. It connects questions of belonging, language, participation and perceived inequality with the methods and settings of the studies.
From Border to Border
The book examines five groups identified in the study as Turk, Kurdish, Baloch, Arab and Fars (Persian-speaking). Its interviews primarily involve people described as elites, with a smaller contribution from other members of the public. This selection should be made clear when interpreting the findings.

Identity and Belonging
The research asks how participants describe themselves and others, and how they understand their place in political, economic and social life. Group names and terms such as ‘ethnic group’ and ‘nation’ need to be read in context. The overview does not assign one identity or political position to everyone in a community.
Language, Participation and Perceived Inequality
Interview themes include mother tongues, representation, cultural life, political participation and relations between central institutions and regions. Participants’ perceptions are part of the research evidence. They should be distinguished from independently established conditions and from the researchers’ explanations and proposals.
Interpreting the Evidence
Interviews can explore experiences and meanings without establishing population shares or the views of an entire group. The five groups selected for this study are not an exhaustive catalogue of identities in Iran. Any demographic comparison needs a dated source, categories and method; no new ethnic population percentages are presented here.
Historical events, constitutional provisions and educational practice also require their own sources. A constitutional text and evidence about its implementation answer different questions.
Books and Related Publications
Start with From Border to Border. The listings below also include work on Mahabad, Turkey and other settings. Read each publication’s location, period, participants and method before comparing it with the Iranian five-group study.
References and Further Reading
- Kameel Ahmady, From Border to Border.
This book is also available in Farsi and Kurdish. Follow the edition pages for publication and download details.
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Articles
Another look at East and Southeast of Turkey
From Border to Border
Ethnic Claims in Iran in Terms of Justice and Development (A Study of Five Iranian Ethnic Groups applying the GT Method)
Ethnic, National and Identity Demands in Iran on the Axis of Justice and Development: A Grounded Theory Method Study among Five Major Ethnic Groups
Ethnicity and Identities in Iran: Progress and Equality
A Peace-Oriented Investigation of the Ethnic Identity Challenge in Iran (Conference Presentation)
Ethnic Claims in Iran in Terms of Justice and Development (Conference Presentation)
A Peace-Oriented Investigation of the Ethnic Identity Challenge in Iran (A Study of Five Iranian Ethnic Groups with the GT Method)
Nonconformity and Resistance in Mahabad with Focusing on Cultur
Conformity and Resistance in Mahabad
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Identity and politics in London carnival, a study of its material
The Construction and Perception of Kurdishness
Hijacked nations; Ethnography of Palestine and Israel (2005)
Poverty and Bread
Ethnography of kurdish immigrants
Motion Graphic of Border to Border
Media consumption, conformity and resistance: a visual ethnography of youth culture in Iranian Kurdistan. 2005-2006
Sovereignty in the Sky
Valley of the Wolves: Nationalism, Conflict and the Other in a Turkish Film (2006)
Sovereignty in the Sky (2005)
About the Researcher
Kameel Ahmady is a British-Iranian researcher working in the field of social anthropology, with a particular focus on gender, children, ethnic minorities, and child labour. Kameel was born in Iranian Kurdistan (also known as East Kurdistan). He obtained his Master’s degree in Social Anthropology and Visual Ethnography from the University of Kent, UK. His academic pursuits include specialized courses in Middle Eastern Politics and Research Methods from other British institutions. Known for studying harmful traditions, Ahmady serves as both a supervisor and developer for his teamwork research publications in Farsi, Kurdish, and English. In 2017, he was honoured with “Honour” prize by the UK based IKWRO organization at the University of Law in London. Subsequently, in 2018, at George Washington University, Global P.E.A.C.E. foundation bestowed upon him the “Literature and Humanities” award in recognition of his contributions to the field. Among his group works are titles such as ” Conformity and Resistance in Mahabad,” ” Another Look at East and Southeast of Turkey,” “In the Name of Tradition,” “A House on Water,” “The Echo of Silence,” ” Traces of Exploitation in Childhood,” and more….
Articles
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FAQ About Identity and Ethnicity
- What questions does this research explore?
It explores how participants describe identity, belonging, language, participation and perceived inequality in the settings studied.
- Which groups does From Border to Border examine?
The study identifies Turk, Kurdish, Baloch, Arab and Fars (Persian-speaking) groups. This is the study’s selection, rather than a complete list of identities in Iran.
- Do the interviews represent everyone in those groups?
No. The book’s emphasis on elite interviewees and smaller contribution from the general public should be taken into account. Participants’ views should not be assigned to whole communities.
- Does this page give ethnic population percentages?
No new percentages are provided. Demographic comparisons require a dated source, clear categories and an appropriate collection method.
- Where can I read the study?
See From Border to Border and the related publications linked on this page.
- Does an interview establish what the law or policy says?
Interview accounts, legal texts and evidence of implementation are distinct. Legal and historical claims need their own authoritative sources.


The complex interplay between individual identity and ethnicity is influenced by factors like globalization, migration, and cultural exchange, resulting in increasingly diverse and multicultural societies.
While ethnicity is a key component of identity, it is essential to recognize that individuals can have multiple identities that intersect, creating a rich and diverse sense of self.
Ethnicity refers to one’s cultural and social affiliation, often tied to shared traditions, language, history, and customs, and it plays a significant role in shaping a person’s identity.
Understanding and respecting the diverse identities and ethnicities of individuals is fundamental to promoting inclusivity, tolerance, and social cohesion in our globalized world.
Identity is a deeply personal and evolving construct, encompassing various aspects such as ethnicity, nationality, gender, and personal experiences that shape who we are.